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3
October 2016
Yoshinori
Ohsumi, a Japanese cell biologist specialising in autophagy and a professor in
Tokyo Institute of Technology's Frontier Research Centre, was on Monday awarded
the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries of the mechanism
for autophagy, a process that deals with destruction of cells in the body. The Total Investment & Insurance Solutions
The
Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet decided to award the prize to Ohsumi,
71, as his discoveries led to a new paradigm in the "understanding of how
the cell recycles its content".
"His
discoveries opened the path to understanding the fundamental importance of
autophagy in many physiological processes, such as in the adaptation to
starvation or response to infection," a statement on the official website
of the Nobel Prize said. The Total Investment
& Insurance Solutions
Because
of Japan's 23rd Nobel Laureate Ohsumi's works, it is now known that autophagy
-- self eating -- controls important physiological functions where cellular
components need to be degraded and recycled. The Total Investment & Insurance Solutions
The
concept emerged during the 1960s, when researchers first observed that the cell
could destroy its own contents by enclosing it in membranes, forming sack-like
vesicles that were transported to a recycling compartment, called the lysosome,
for degradation.
Ohsumi
reasoned that if he could disrupt the degradation process in the vacuole while
the process of autophagy was active, then autophagosomes should accumulate
within the vacuole and become visible under the microscope.The Total Investment & Insurance Solutions
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